India’s pursuit of a homegrown fifth-generation stealth fighter, the Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft (AMCA), is reaching a critical juncture as the nation evaluates potential partners for its Aero-Engine development. The Defense Research and Development Organization (DRDO) is in advanced discussions with three global aerospace companies—General Electric (GE) from the United States, Rolls-Royce from the United Kingdom, and Safran from France—to co-develop a high-performance engine tailored for the AMCA.

The Aero-Engine, expected to deliver a thrust of 110-130 KN, is a cornerstone of the AMCA program, enabling capabilities like super-cruise and enhanced maneuverability. With the decision anticipated by late 2025, the chosen partnership will not only power the aircraft but also bolster India’s ambition to become a hub for advanced aerospace technology.

Each contender brings unique strengths. GE, with its experience in Aero-Engine like the F414, offers reliability and an existing relationship with India’s defense sector. But GE USA is hesitant when it comes to transfer of technology due to U.S. Export Control guidelines. Moreover, the painful delay in delivering the already ordered Aero-Engine for India’s indigenous jet Tejas makes the future filled with small amount of trust.

Rolls-Royce emphasizes a collaborative model, highlighting its EJ200 engine and expertise in next-generation propulsion systems. Alex Zinto, Chief of Rolls-Royce Future Programs has proposed to India for joint development of the unique 110 KN Engine with a commitment of 100% IPR (Intellectual Property Rights) & substantial Transfer of Technology. Rolls-Royce is in the fight after successfully delivering engine for Eurofighter Typhoon and experience of 6^th Gen Tempest Program.

Safran, known for the Rafale’s M88 Aero-Engine, has proposed 100% technology transfer, including local manufacturing and training for Indian firms. Safran leads the competition with 100% technology transfer, complete intellectual property rights, upgrades to Rafale offset commitments, support to revive India’s Kaveri engine, and no export restrictions on India, in addition to training Indian firms in design and metallurgy.

The decision for co-develop and procure Aero-Engines for India’s indigenous fighter jets hinges on factors beyond technical specifications, including technology transfer agreements, cost, and geopolitical alignment. A senior DRDO official emphasized the importance of retaining the IPR (Intellectual Property Rights), TOT and building domestic capabilities, aligning with India’s self-reliance goals. As negotiations progress, the aerospace community awaits a choice that could redefine India’s defense landscape and strengthen its position in global aviation innovation.